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Aug. 15, 2024

Nick Broste - Get Work and Stay Relevant as a Recording Engineer in 2024

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Progressions: Success in the Music Industry

Nick Broste is Chicago based audio engineer and musician who specializes in recording bands in ensembles in both studio and live settings. The spirit of removing the obstacles of artistic expression for artists is the driving force for Nick’s approach to recording and always puts the music first.

In this episode, you'll learn about:

  • How the Role of the Engineer Changes When There is No Producer
  • The Best Way to Record a Vocalist that is Playing Acoustic Guitar
  • Microphone Polar Patterns and How They Shape the Sound of Bleed
  • Tips for Recording Brass and Woodwinds
  • The Importance of Talking About Budgets
  • Bringing Value Outside Your Technical Skills
  • When Songwriting Credit Should Be Given to Session Musicians

 

Connect with Nick

🌐 Website: https://www.nickbroste.com/

📸 Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/nbroste/

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https://www.youtube.com/@progressionspod

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Credits:

Guest: Nick Broste

Host: Travis Ference

Editor: Stephen Boyd

Theme Music: inter.ference

Transcript

Speaker:

This is maybe the worst time to, like, try to become a

 

 


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professional audio engineer in the 130 years of recorded

 

 


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music. Right? That's Chicago based recording engineer and mixer Nick Brosty.

 

 


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Today, he and I are going to get into some of the challenges of the

 

 


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job of engineering in 2024 and how to overcome

 

 


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them. Everything from defining your role and negotiating deals to the fun

 

 


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stuff, like picking studios and selecting microphones. When we talk about the

 

 


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one big thing every engineer wants to know, which is how to

 

 


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stay busy. Just get to know as many people

 

 


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without expecting them to hire you. The mindset that feels

 

 


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supportive to the music community, but is actually hurting us. They see it as. And

 

 


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this isn't a bad thing. They see recording people at a very low

 

 


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price is a service of theirs that they're giving to the music. They're like, I

 

 


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love this. You guys, like, don't make a lot of money doing what you're doing.

 

 


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I love to record, you guys. I'll do it for, like, this insanely low price.

 

 


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And to always remember that capturing the emotion is the true purpose

 

 


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of the recording process. And the take is just this beautiful thing, and you get

 

 


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the thing here in the back of the neck and,

 

 


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like, around the edge of tears. Like, if I can get that out of

 

 


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somebody and then feel it again while I'm mixing,

 

 


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and then have someone else feel that when it comes out of the

 

 


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speakers, like, that's success to me. So if you're running a

 

 


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studio or freelancing, working with indie artists, whatever, you're not gonna wanna miss

 

 


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this one. This is real world studio advice. So stick around for my interview with

 

 


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Nick Brosty.

 

 


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A lot of times, engineers are hired by bands and artists who are self

 

 


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producing, and I think that really kind of changes the role and responsibilities of an

 

 


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engineer. And I'm guessing you've probably been in that situation. I've

 

 


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done it a bunch. So what's your process like when you're getting ready for a

 

 


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session that doesn't involve, like, a third party official producer?

 

 


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Yeah, that's a. That's a good question. I think

 

 


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the first thing that really needs to happen in that case

 

 


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is maybe the defining of certain

 

 


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roles, or just, like, learning where the boundaries are for

 

 


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creative input and stuff like that. Cause sometimes.

 

 


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Sometimes I work with an artist and they just want me to engineer

 

 


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and almost never comment on the music, even though I tell them I will,

 

 


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but only in the service of helping them never to

 

 


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wrest power from the artist or anything like that. Right, but you're talking

 

 


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about things like that it's like, okay, you have a solid idea. You tell me

 

 


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what your ideas are, and I'll technically try to make them work for you.

 

 


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Do my best in that way.

 

 


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And that's usually a conversation with the artist that

 

 


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maybe they actually do need you to kind of help produce the

 

 


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record with them. But it's really about defining

 

 


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expectations for the two of you. You know, talking about how you're.

 

 


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How you should get paid, how you like to work, how they like to

 

 


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work, as opposed to just showing up to a room and

 

 


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there's a band there, you know, then

 

 


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obviously. So it's like, expectations. Like, what kind of input do you

 

 


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want? What kind of input do you not want?

 

 


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You know, like, who kind of has, like, the final word

 

 


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on things, which is pretty much the. The artist all the time

 

 


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for me, right? And then talking about budgets,

 

 


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how to do it, how we want to do it, how it should sound.

 

 


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And then. And that's when I'll start thinking about spaces. Like,

 

 


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should we do it in a cabin? Should we rent a church for a day

 

 


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or two? Should we use any one of

 

 


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the dozens of great studios here in town that all sound different and

 

 


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have different stuff in them and different gear and at different price

 

 


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points? Sometimes people have a budget

 

 


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actually thought out ahead of time. They're like, I have this much money set

 

 


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aside. So rare. To make a record is so rare. And I just wish

 

 


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people would, hey, this is my budget. Can we make a record

 

 


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for this much money? Instead of, like, can you tell me how much it is?

 

 


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And then people get a little freaked out, usually.

 

 


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And sometimes the production part of it comes out

 

 


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along the process. Like, I recently was working with a

 

 


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band, and I ended up doing a lot of work on the side

 

 


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when they weren't around and really choosing

 

 


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where we went and even adding some parts

 

 


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and stuff like that. And about, like, three quarters of the way through the process,

 

 


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they're like, oh, we're producing this record together, you know, and I don't

 

 


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take points or anything like that. There's no kind of no point with most indie

 

 


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artists. It is true. It's true. But, yeah, it's like, the budget,

 

 


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where to do it. And then, like, I just look

 

 


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at it as, even if there's. Even if it's not stated, I will still probably

 

 


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act in the same way where I will do everything possible to

 

 


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try to get that dream, that aural dream out of somebody's

 

 


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head into a format that other people can hear it and experience,

 

 


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if not exactly the same thing as close as we can get to the same

 

 


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feeling. Yeah. And then kind of work with them

 

 


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to find any means necessary to get there. Can we go

 

 


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back to the budget thing? Because I feel like there's a. It's a conversation

 

 


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that comes up all the time. Right. You get, like, blind Instagram messages or

 

 


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website emails or whatever where people.

 

 


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They don't have a budget expectation. And so even if they don't have

 

 


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enough money to work with said engineer or book some studio,

 

 


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if they don't know what their budget is, that

 

 


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person can't even help them. You know what I mean? Cause I would gladly help

 

 


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an artist if they can't afford me. I'd be like, this isn't gonna work. I'm

 

 


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not a good fit for you. But here's four people that are a good fit.

 

 


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And. And I feel like a lot of artists should just really have that conversation

 

 


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before they contact anybody. Producer, mixer, you know,

 

 


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mastering. Cause I'm sure you would do the same. You would probably help people out,

 

 


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like, well, yeah, call this guy. He's. He would crush it for you, and he's

 

 


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in your budget. Yeah, yeah, that happens. And I think

 

 


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the main time that happens to me, there's a great. I'm living in Chicago right

 

 


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now, and the city has this beautiful program called the D case grants,

 

 


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which are given out to artists every year. And I can't remember how many there

 

 


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are, but every time, a couple weeks before they're all due, I

 

 


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get a lot of people asking me to give them an estimate to put

 

 


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on their grant application. But other than that, it's like, some people

 

 


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may know how much the studios cost per day. Usually nothing.

 

 


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Yeah. But usually the first contact is to figure out how

 

 


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much it is for me to do something. Yeah. And they haven't

 

 


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really thought about. So they're just pricing it. And so it's really easy to, like,

 

 


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have them be. I mean, I'm not. I'm not exorbitantly

 

 


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expensive, by any measure, but, like, it's really easy to

 

 


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scare them off into. And. But. And this is. This is an

 

 


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interesting thing because it's like,

 

 


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strangely, many artists aren't really willing

 

 


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or don't know that they can negotiate. Yeah. Or

 

 


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ask questions, you know? Like, if I quote somebody a certain dollar

 

 


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amount a day, and I'll usually say it like, my

 

 


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normal book rate is this. But I'm happy to discuss it

 

 


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further. And sometimes they'll be like, oh, God, no, and

 

 


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just disappear. And sometimes they'll be like, well, yeah. I mean, what would you think

 

 


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if we did this, and then we can have that conversation and really make it

 

 


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work for them. This is something I wish I could teach more and

 

 


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more musicians to negotiate a. Not just for making

 

 


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records, but for their musical lives. It's like a

 

 


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huge thing. You ask for what you want,

 

 


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and the worst that can happen to somebody says no. But if you don't ask,

 

 


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you don't get totally. And it's the same on both sides. I ask for the

 

 


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rate I want. Some people I know can't afford it, so I'll just

 

 


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immediately be like, this is what I would normally charge. Can you do

 

 


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anywhere around this other range? Yeah, but it's something that

 

 


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bands really need to. Bands and artists really need to at least have an

 

 


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idea of a ballpark of how much it takes to get

 

 


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some work done. Cause you can do it pretty cheap. You can get it

 

 


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done depending on. What the project is. Yeah, you're right. There is a push and

 

 


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pull, and the more you're willing to communicate, both sides are willing to

 

 


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communicate. There can be a sacrifice made on either side. Be like, okay,

 

 


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I wanna work for 12 hours. Well, you don't have enough money to work for

 

 


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12 hours. We're gonna work for eight. Or, I don't need an

 

 


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instrumental mix or a vocal up mix. I don't need these extra things.

 

 


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Can it be cheaper? Or I only want two revisions. There's

 

 


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things that can go both ways. And if you have

 

 


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an open conversation and you understand what the needs of a project are,

 

 


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what the needs of a service provider, for lack of a better

 

 


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term, are, then you can probably find something that works if both people

 

 


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want to work together. Absolutely. And I think, I mean, that's the biggest thing.

 

 


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Most of the artists that contact me, I totally want to work with,

 

 


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you know? And I'm like, yes, I would love to make a record with them.

 

 


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And sometimes I do reach out even. And I'm like. I'm like, hey, you know,

 

 


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I've been seeing you play out for several years now, and I

 

 


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would love to work with you someday. Like, what are you doing this summer? Like,

 

 


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maybe we can book a date and lay down some of your new songs. And

 

 


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oftentimes I'll be like, I have no money. And I'd be

 

 


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like, that's cool. Can we talk about that? Yeah, let's find a way to get

 

 


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you some money. That's a whole other, like, to be able to bring value

 

 


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on top of just engineering something or mixing something to

 

 


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give advice and help an artist get to a point where they can work with

 

 


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you or work with the person that they want to work with is

 

 


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something that doesn't happen because things are so

 

 


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transactional sometimes. Yeah, that's, of course, the grossest

 

 


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part of what we do, and I wish I had somebody handling

 

 


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that for me. So I never had to talk about anything with dollar signs besides,

 

 


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like, who's picking up the coffee or the food today. Right,

 

 


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right. It is the hardest part of talking to people because, I mean, most

 

 


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artists don't have very much money because it's hard to get paid for

 

 


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them these days, you know? And even if you are getting paid, it

 

 


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takes, what, six, nine months for those royalties

 

 


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to actually roll into your account. So even if your release is huge, you're not

 

 


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making any money for six months. If you haven't advanced, then

 

 


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you're behind on those two. Cause you don't even get those royalties till.

 

 


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Yeah. Don't even want to get into labels.

 

 


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Yeah. No, no. Okay, so you kind of mentioned this earlier

 

 


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that you were, like, adding parts to something and working on something on the side.

 

 


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When you do kind of slip into a kind of a producer ish

 

 


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role, how do you navigate that? Is it really like

 

 


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you're looking at your rapport with that artist and being like, I think I could

 

 


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add something here, and you bring it up, or how do

 

 


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you approach that when you start to step into that role? I will

 

 


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usually bring it up. I'll be inspired if we're listening to something

 

 


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together or if I'm doing

 

 


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a bunch of editing before we finish the final arrangement,

 

 


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and I'm just going copying things or whatever, and if I have an

 

 


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idea, I'll just lay it down and send it in an alternate version sometimes. But

 

 


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if they're with me, I'll be like. And I'm not, like, adding

 

 


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every once in a while, it'll be something like a lead or something like that,

 

 


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but pretty rarely. Usually, I'll just be like, what about if we thicken this up

 

 


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with some pads or something? And we'll have that

 

 


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conversation, usually in the room together. And

 

 


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unless it's something that's totally the hook of the

 

 


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song, I'm just happy to be credited, you know,

 

 


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I'm not trying to get, like, a writing credit or anything like that, although

 

 


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that is an alternate option if people want to. If people

 

 


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don't have as much of a budget, they can put me as a split on

 

 


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a song, but that's a fuzzy zone to live in.

 

 


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And I made a really bad mistake, actually, early in my career,

 

 


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when I was mostly a player playing a lot of sessions, and I

 

 


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was doing arranging, and I was in my

 

 


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twenties, and there was a producer doing this session, and he's

 

 


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just started hiring me. I've done about three projects for him at this point,

 

 


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and he called me and asked me to do an arrangement. Went down in the

 

 


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studio, like, listened to it. They told me what

 

 


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they wanted, and I was like, okay, well, this is, you

 

 


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know, a huge part of the song, what I'm

 

 


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writing. And so when I came back to the session, when we were

 

 


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tracking, and I said, guys, what would you think about giving me a

 

 


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songwriter credit on this? And

 

 


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the artist and the producer just, like, looked at me

 

 


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with such an incredulous look that I just, like, felt. I just

 

 


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felt like my whole body felt like ice inside. And I was like, oh,

 

 


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that was the wrong. Cause. I kind of was cocky and almost.

 

 


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I didn't really demand it, but I was definitely, like, stepping way out of the

 

 


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boundaries. So I found the boundary that day. And

 

 


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since. And since that point, I mean, I learned that lesson,

 

 


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thankfully. Otherwise, I probably wouldn't be doing what I do today.

 

 


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But, yeah, I learned that lesson very early, and it's a slippery slope sometimes.

 

 


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People I know on bigger sessions, writing

 

 


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sessions. I know you did a lot of writing sessions and stuff like that for

 

 


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a long time. Yeah, I know that stuff comes up all the time, but I

 

 


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don't really consider myself a writer. If I change

 

 


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one lyric, I'm not. It's all just for the song.

 

 


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You know, if I'm, like, writing a chorus, sure. It's a

 

 


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different thing. And the player thing is actually really

 

 


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interesting, especially if you think about, like, popular music. Like, if you're a bass player

 

 


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that gets hired to come in to play on, like, an r and b or

 

 


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pop track or make a loop for the hook of a hip hop

 

 


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track, bass is playing a huge role in that track. So at what

 

 


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point when it's the only thing playing under the

 

 


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rapper or under the vocal for half the song, at what

 

 


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point do you deserve, you

 

 


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know, songwriting? Yeah, but at the same time, you think about, like,

 

 


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classic, you know, session guitarists who

 

 


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played iconic guitar solos that we all know and can

 

 


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singhe. They don't have songwriting. No, they got paid for that

 

 


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session in the. Does James Jamerson have any credits for his amazing bass playing?

 

 


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No. And he's like, define that style. Yeah,

 

 


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absolutely. Or, like, Pino Palladino

 

 


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on D'Angelo's voodoo. Yeah, those bass

 

 


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lines are huge part of that record, but I don't know.

 

 


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I'd have to go look. But it's probably. He probably didn't get a writing credit.

 

 


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I strongly doubt it. But

 

 


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it's interesting if you think about the way music, especially the way music's made

 

 


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now, and you can grab something from a writing session, and

 

 


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I feel. Like it's probably less poise, a little less poisonous now, after

 

 


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listening to lots of. You ever listen to a history of rock

 

 


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music and 500 songs? No. That podcast? No. It is

 

 


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incredible. It's very in depth,

 

 


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and I think he's 100 and 7180 episodes in,

 

 


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and I've completely caught up to all of them. But a lot of what he

 

 


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talks about is the legal

 

 


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and the mob and stealing people's credits and then

 

 


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putting out a song, but changing one word and just all of the

 

 


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intellectual property, basically theft.

 

 


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And that happened right

 

 


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up pretty much until today. Yeah. But, like, before

 

 


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the eighties, just insane. What would go

 

 


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on all the time. Yeah. So I feel like it's a little. Maybe a little

 

 


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healthier environment where people might talk about it more today.

 

 


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Yeah, it's definitely. I think a lot of people are just afraid of it,

 

 


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too. I did a session with an artist who wrote a

 

 


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song. You know, we were all in the room. We didn't listen to any music.

 

 


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And she ultimately never wanted to release it because it. It was really reminiscent

 

 


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of something else. Once she listened to it a few weeks later and

 

 


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felt uncomfortable putting it out because people would accuse her of stealing it. And

 

 


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it's like, we all listen, we're all music fans. We all love

 

 


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stuff. It's gonna come out in us. So it's not like you're not

 

 


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always stealing something on purpose, but

 

 


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it happens on accident. Yeah. So you

 

 


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talked about when you were a player, and I know you were. Is it a

 

 


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trombone player? Yes. Yeah. So I'm guessing that you probably

 

 


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will go back to engineering here. Particular on how you mic brass. Are

 

 


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you a big. Do you get to record a lot of brass and

 

 


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horns? Kind of particular? It

 

 


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depends on what. There's so many ways to do it right. And,

 

 


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like. And this is a question that gets asked me, like, a lot. Like, well,

 

 


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how do you mic up horns? Well, how many are there? What's the

 

 


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song? What room are we in? Are you guys gonna

 

 


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kill it all together? So I can just use a stereo pair or, like,

 

 


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you know, really depends for myself. I'm very particular because I know

 

 


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the way the sound projects out of my horn. There's, like, two mics.

 

 


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I really like to use one. I don't own but the other one I do.

 

 


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So I'm particular about that because if I get it wrong and, like,

 

 


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live sound, people think I'm crazy. Like, no, this is how it

 

 


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should be. And they're like, but I'm like, no,

 

 


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trust me for my own

 

 


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sound. Cause if I put it in a spot where people would normally put it,

 

 


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it gets kind of airy sounding. So I found this thing, but it also.

 

 


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It really depends on the player and how they're playing. You know, some people

 

 


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move a lot when they're playing. I've been doing a lot of live

 

 


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recording this year or two, and some people's sound is just completely

 

 


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different. But in general, for, like, brass, like, generally ribbons.

 

 


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Yeah, yeah. Or condenser mics. You know, it doesn't really

 

 


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matter as long as it sounds like the horn and not too

 

 


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close. Yeah. There's a whole history of, especially

 

 


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trombonis playing with, like, the bell, like

 

 


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this. Like, inside, like, in very close. And

 

 


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it's like. It starts to sound like a french horn, and they play very quietly.

 

 


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Yeah. And that doesn't really appeal to me. But, yeah, there's lots of ways

 

 


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to do it, but a lot of it has to do with the song and

 

 


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how the parts are fitting in there. You know, if it's a jazz

 

 


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quintet with horns, that's gonna be way

 

 


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different than, like, a rock song with a

 

 


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horn section. Right, right. The features are gonna be

 

 


Speaker:

different. The saxophone, though, that's a very particular one,

 

 


Speaker:

because the sound doesn't come straight out of it. It

 

 


Speaker:

irradiates in all kinds of directions, and a lot of it off to the

 

 


Speaker:

right. So that really depends on the instrument

 

 


Speaker:

and the person's tone. The harsher it is, the darker the rhythm I'm going to

 

 


Speaker:

use on a saxophonist, the warmer it is, the more two b condenser I'm going

 

 


Speaker:

to get, you know? Yeah. You mentioned french horn. Are

 

 


Speaker:

you. Are you, like, an over the top french horn

 

 


Speaker:

micr? So you're micing the back, or are you micing the horn? Sometimes

 

 


Speaker:

I'll put them against. Close to the wall, you

 

 


Speaker:

know, and then, like, I point it at them. Yes. Because I think

 

 


Speaker:

the point of the french horn is to not have it be totally in your

 

 


Speaker:

face. Yeah, yeah. That was a thing we did at Capitol all the

 

 


Speaker:

time. Whenever there was french horns for usually, like, a scoring

 

 


Speaker:

date, like in an orchestra. Yeah, yeah. We would put something hard behind them, and

 

 


Speaker:

then you mic them above. That was one of the first times I was in

 

 


Speaker:

a studio and I looked at it. And I was like, the fuck is going

 

 


Speaker:

on here? Doesn't seem to make sense, but in the end it

 

 


Speaker:

does. If you go to orchestra concerts, you'll see it. Yeah, yeah,

 

 


Speaker:

totally, totally. And then what about so. So saks, you were saying it comes out

 

 


Speaker:

the player, right? Yes. Some of it comes out of the

 

 


Speaker:

bell, but most of the sound only comes out of the bell when all the

 

 


Speaker:

keys are pushed down. Right? Right. And the sound is escaping out of

 

 


Speaker:

the keys. Same with flute, like any woodwinds, like bassoon,

 

 


Speaker:

all that stuff. So it projects different frequencies, come out the

 

 


Speaker:

sides. So it's really hard to mic a bass saxophone with one

 

 


Speaker:

microphone. And I have a few friends that have bass saxophones in town.

 

 


Speaker:

Um, you can do it, but, like, if there's other people, who's in the

 

 


Speaker:

room, is the drummer in the room, too, which is very common

 

 


Speaker:

thing with me, you know? Very common. Like, I can't put

 

 


Speaker:

the mic 5ft away from the sax to get the full,

 

 


Speaker:

huge sound of it. You know, it's got to be close, maybe two mics. It

 

 


Speaker:

really depends on the player, how they move, how tall they are,

 

 


Speaker:

and what else is in the room. The big thing is what else is in

 

 


Speaker:

the room. Yeah. What can you get away with? Basically getting the

 

 


Speaker:

bleed control or moving them closer to the drums so that the

 

 


Speaker:

delay is less or stuff like that. Well,

 

 


Speaker:

let's keep going down that road, because I was going to ask you about just

 

 


Speaker:

mic selection in general. Right. Because I started out as a kid at

 

 


Speaker:

capital, we had 16 U 67s. Yeah.

 

 


Speaker:

I mean, it's just ridiculous. Like, what do you want to mic your orchestra with?

 

 


Speaker:

U 67s? So then when I get out in the world, you start recording indie

 

 


Speaker:

bands. Like, you're going to all the smaller studios in town. I had a really

 

 


Speaker:

hard time because I was coming from this, like, mic locker

 

 


Speaker:

that's unrealistic into the real world. And so I

 

 


Speaker:

always felt like I was making compromises, you know, picking. Picking what mic should

 

 


Speaker:

go on, what. And then when you think about what's in the room and you're

 

 


Speaker:

like, well, I would love for this to be figure eight, but I also really

 

 


Speaker:

need to use this microphone over here. So, band in the

 

 


Speaker:

room, tracking date with, like, three, four people.

 

 


Speaker:

What are you thinking when you're doing mic selection?

 

 


Speaker:

Well, the first thing is where they're all going to be in the room.

 

 


Speaker:

Like, if there's booths, who's going to be in the booth?

 

 


Speaker:

I have a perfect example coming up that we're doing

 

 


Speaker:

at electrical audio. Rip Steve as well. And

 

 


Speaker:

big love to all the electrical audio guys. It was a huge

 

 


Speaker:

loss, but I'm going to be there soon. And it's a

 

 


Speaker:

band with kind of a normal rhythm section instruments, and

 

 


Speaker:

then two people playing flute, saxophone.

 

 


Speaker:

And this particular room at

 

 


Speaker:

electrical is very tall and very reverberant. And

 

 


Speaker:

so how do we want the drums to sound? You set the drums up in

 

 


Speaker:

there. They're going to sound big no matter what, but the horns will be isolated.

 

 


Speaker:

Or are we going to put the drums and the amps in the other room?

 

 


Speaker:

Like there's all these different sound possibilities. Yeah. And

 

 


Speaker:

basically, I'll. Once I figure out where everybody can be to where they can see

 

 


Speaker:

each other and communicate, which is also very important, they need to feel like they

 

 


Speaker:

are playing together and somebody's not over here like this,

 

 


Speaker:

like just staring off at a wall or hidden behind a

 

 


Speaker:

baffle. I'll figure that out. And that arrangement will also,

 

 


Speaker:

I'll be trying to take the acoustics into my, you know,

 

 


Speaker:

like often I have to record piano in the same room as the drums.

 

 


Speaker:

And in that case, I slide the piano up as close as I can

 

 


Speaker:

possibly get to the drums and put as many baffles between them as I can

 

 


Speaker:

so that the bleed is shorter so it doesn't make the drums sound forever away.

 

 


Speaker:

Right. But microphone wise, I mean,

 

 


Speaker:

that's a great use for figure eight mics.

 

 


Speaker:

Figure eight mics you can set up. If I had

 

 


Speaker:

to set up these two flute players next to the drums, I would probably put

 

 


Speaker:

them one on each side with a figure eight coming down

 

 


Speaker:

like. Like this with the null point pointed at the drums. Maybe they're

 

 


Speaker:

angled a little bit and pick up some bleed in the room. Sure.

 

 


Speaker:

But for the most part, I'm going to get, like a clean signal that I

 

 


Speaker:

can turn up and down without making the drums sound forever away. Yeah, and

 

 


Speaker:

some mics, this is another big thing, like knowing the patterns

 

 


Speaker:

and how they sound and how they actually pick up sound. This

 

 


Speaker:

is a big thing that I think a lot of younger people are like, oh,

 

 


Speaker:

omni picks up everything, you know, or, like

 

 


Speaker:

cardioid. Well, that's, you know, you get a lot of separation from

 

 


Speaker:

the back or whatever, but it also, like, it warps the sound

 

 


Speaker:

of the microphone, too. Like, you know, like Al Schmidt

 

 


Speaker:

using a lot of omni mics. It's just very natural

 

 


Speaker:

tone. You don't get all this weird frequency twisting from

 

 


Speaker:

the back and stuff like that. And that's also the advantage of

 

 


Speaker:

really nice small diaphragm condensers as well.

 

 


Speaker:

Like sheps, some of the

 

 


Speaker:

Sennheisers, neumanns and stuff like that that

 

 


Speaker:

people use in orchestral recording. That bleed coming in from the sides, which

 

 


Speaker:

is. Is kind of the most important thing.

 

 


Speaker:

So. Yeah, so when I'm thinking about that for a band, I mean,

 

 


Speaker:

I'll have a couple mic options in mind if they're available

 

 


Speaker:

at the studio. Because most of the studios I work with have a pretty good

 

 


Speaker:

selection. But getting started, you know,

 

 


Speaker:

it's. Like. Back when I just

 

 


Speaker:

had like a AKG Perception 110. A

 

 


Speaker:

57 in an inbox. Yeah, yeah. You do what you

 

 


Speaker:

can. Yeah. By any means necessary. You mess with

 

 


Speaker:

stuff. He's 57 above the kit.

 

 


Speaker:

And the perception in front of the bass

 

 


Speaker:

drum. But really, the patterns and how they interact

 

 


Speaker:

is a real big thing. If you can get away with

 

 


Speaker:

using omni mics in different places, you're going to get this beautiful, natural tone. If

 

 


Speaker:

you got isolation, you know, putting a mic

 

 


Speaker:

in omni up against a upright bass or close to it

 

 


Speaker:

is going to give you certain advantages. You get really nice low end. But

 

 


Speaker:

even different microphones, like a Shep's

 

 


Speaker:

omni mic functions differently than

 

 


Speaker:

like say, a U 67 in omni because

 

 


Speaker:

it's just one capsule. And the same in

 

 


Speaker:

figure eight, too. Like a ribbon's figure eight will be much

 

 


Speaker:

tighter. Just because there's physically no way for the

 

 


Speaker:

ribbon to move this way than a

 

 


Speaker:

67 in figure eight as well, too. So you get more isolation. Yeah.

 

 


Speaker:

And this comes up a lot if you're having a guitarist who's singing at the

 

 


Speaker:

same time, you know, and you get a

 

 


Speaker:

couple 44s or just whatever, like cascade fatheads, whatever. You can

 

 


Speaker:

find any mic and make these little

 

 


Speaker:

flippy patterns to give yourself some isolation.

 

 


Speaker:

And we actually did this with 267s. Tried

 

 


Speaker:

that for 67 or c

 

 


Speaker:

twelve. And then we did it with two forty four s and the

 

 


Speaker:

forty four. Even though it took a lot more gain.

 

 


Speaker:

Like, the isolation was easily twice as much. Yeah.

 

 


Speaker:

And that just comes from like years of playing around with microphones

 

 


Speaker:

and thinking about how they interact in space. But once you learn how to

 

 


Speaker:

do that and what does what. And what sounds good on things.

 

 


Speaker:

I mean, if you don't have any money, this is a good reason

 

 


Speaker:

to try to go to a studio and try stuff out, you

 

 


Speaker:

know? Yeah, totally. And I mean, opposite of your

 

 


Speaker:

story. One of the first studios I started working out of, I wasn't an

 

 


Speaker:

employee, but they were the first place I went to that had

 

 


Speaker:

87s they had, like, RCA ribbons. They had some really cool

 

 


Speaker:

mics. I didn't use the U 87s for the first year

 

 


Speaker:

and a half that I worked there because I was actually

 

 


Speaker:

afraid of liking them. You know, I was like, yeah, I'm not going to mess

 

 


Speaker:

with those. I don't want to, like, find out that they're amazing because I can't

 

 


Speaker:

afford them. But then you didn't like them anyway. Do you like. Eighty seven s.

 

 


Speaker:

I mean, they work for what, you know, they're a good mic. They

 

 


Speaker:

have their purpose. Yeah, yeah, yeah, they have their purpose. Yeah. Like, I wouldn't

 

 


Speaker:

mind owning a pair here. That would be great. But I was like, I'm

 

 


Speaker:

not going to fall in love with a $3,000 microphone. I just can't. Yeah, it's

 

 


Speaker:

not an option. Not an option. Yeah, exactly. I want to go back

 

 


Speaker:

to the figure eight on guitar and

 

 


Speaker:

vocal because I feel like the first time I saw and

 

 


Speaker:

heard that, I was like, oh, my God,

 

 


Speaker:

that's how it's done. And I feel like so many people always really fight with

 

 


Speaker:

that. But it is crazy to hear that. If you

 

 


Speaker:

get that null point right at the vocal and then you can get that.

 

 


Speaker:

Whatever you want to use for the vocal to be very close to it, and

 

 


Speaker:

you kind of have this big thing right in front of you. It is

 

 


Speaker:

night and day, the separation that you have between those instruments in

 

 


Speaker:

comparison to when you just. So many people. What? Put an sm seven on the

 

 


Speaker:

vocal and a 451 or. Sure. 81 on

 

 


Speaker:

the acoustic guitar. It is like a whole different phase experience. You're just

 

 


Speaker:

like, oh, wow, this actually, this. I can use both of these as much

 

 


Speaker:

as I want. So everybody should experiment with that.

 

 


Speaker:

Yeah, you can pan them in stereo you want. Like, yeah, it's a great

 

 


Speaker:

thing. Especially if you find like a, you know, like a stereo ribbon,

 

 


Speaker:

which can get a little weird this way. Yeah, but, yeah, it's

 

 


Speaker:

incredible. And that's that pattern thing. Like, even if you use

 

 


Speaker:

2414s in figure eight, you can get pretty

 

 


Speaker:

close to that. But it's not like the ribbon because the ribbon will literally

 

 


Speaker:

not move to the side or up and down. I never

 

 


Speaker:

thought about the physical limitations of the ribbon. That's actually. Yeah,

 

 


Speaker:

that's true. That's really true. And this is broken. Yeah. So. And you'll get more

 

 


Speaker:

bleed in the back. But that can be nice. Sometimes if you're in

 

 


Speaker:

a nice space, you get a little air. I did.

 

 


Speaker:

There's an interview for listeners. I'd have to. I'll put it in the

 

 


Speaker:

show notes. But I had a conversation with Derek Bargare from Vanguard. Have you used

 

 


Speaker:

any of his mics? Oh, yeah, I'm about to do a session where they've got

 

 


Speaker:

a bunch of his mics. Yeah, yeah. Making

 

 


Speaker:

great stuff. But he spent a lot of time talking about like, you know, well,

 

 


Speaker:

if you can only afford one microphone, it's gonna sound different. Like, if it's too

 

 


Speaker:

bright here, then sing a little bit off to the side and it's gonna be

 

 


Speaker:

a different tone. And he's like, don't, you know, don't buy ten microphones

 

 


Speaker:

if you can't afford it. Just figure out all the things that your one microphone

 

 


Speaker:

can do. And understanding polar patterns and understanding how microphones pick

 

 


Speaker:

up as you go off to the side and stuff like that. It's

 

 


Speaker:

understanding all your tools, you know? So here's an example.

 

 


Speaker:

One of the younger musicians I know here in town, we

 

 


Speaker:

were talking one night and he said, he said, man, you know, I bought this

 

 


Speaker:

Neumann cam, like 184, the cardioid one, I think.

 

 


Speaker:

And he's like, it's just, I've been using

 

 


Speaker:

on my acoustic guitar, but it's just so brighten. Like, it's

 

 


Speaker:

unbelievably bright. And I was like, yeah, man, it's a mic designed to be like,

 

 


Speaker:

put 9ft above an instrumentalist. It's not

 

 


Speaker:

meant to be like an amazing close mic. It's meant for

 

 


Speaker:

being further away. I was like, just back it up a couple feet

 

 


Speaker:

or don't point it right at the instrument. Or like, just find the

 

 


Speaker:

spot. And he messaged me back a couple days later.

 

 


Speaker:

He's like, thank you so much. I was about to sell this thing and I

 

 


Speaker:

was like, yeah. He's just like, if you want less high end, just put it

 

 


Speaker:

further away. I don't know. I always think of that as a dark microphone as

 

 


Speaker:

well, or at least the 84 is the original. So I always think

 

 


Speaker:

of it as a warmer, darker along the lines of what we're talking

 

 


Speaker:

about. Your work as an engineer producer

 

 


Speaker:

mixer feels very natural and organic, but also

 

 


Speaker:

vibey and analog. And I think a little bit of this answer

 

 


Speaker:

we've kind of touched on. But do you have any tips for

 

 


Speaker:

actively going after that sound if you're a young engineer? Because I feel like

 

 


Speaker:

when you're working with Bandst, what you're doing

 

 


Speaker:

is what so many bands want. Not like a solo pop

 

 


Speaker:

artist, but you have a sound that I think fits a lot of really cool

 

 


Speaker:

music. Cool. I mean, thank

 

 


Speaker:

you? Yeah. Sonic tips for an engineer that's trying to

 

 


Speaker:

get that organic sound.

 

 


Speaker:

Yeah, I think what I just said is actually maybe the way

 

 


Speaker:

to think about it. And, I mean, there's nothing wrong with. With

 

 


Speaker:

beating stuff up and, like, and doing cool things to

 

 


Speaker:

stuff, but a lot of it is

 

 


Speaker:

just capturing the sound, the musicians making.

 

 


Speaker:

And a lot of the worlds I work in, especially with

 

 


Speaker:

people that work more in the jazz, improvised,

 

 


Speaker:

creative improvisation world, those people are

 

 


Speaker:

working on the sounds that they want to play with all the time.

 

 


Speaker:

They know what they want to sound like. So just, like, I've got a great

 

 


Speaker:

source. I'm just trying not to mess it up and make sure.

 

 


Speaker:

Capture it in a nice way. And a lot of that is just,

 

 


Speaker:

like. I think a lot of it comes from a being.

 

 


Speaker:

There's a lot of. Seems like a lot of engineers who used to be

 

 


Speaker:

trombonists. I keep running into more and more

 

 


Speaker:

people that played the trombone through high school, maybe even

 

 


Speaker:

college and stuff like that, and then gave it up and started engineering. I mean,

 

 


Speaker:

I still play, but you have to put

 

 


Speaker:

yourself in an environment where you're hearing that kind of music

 

 


Speaker:

live, you know, like, I've been lucky enough to sit in

 

 


Speaker:

the middle of a bunch of bands where I'm listening

 

 


Speaker:

deeply to everything. So I know that feeling of

 

 


Speaker:

playing in a big band or playing on stage with a rock band or

 

 


Speaker:

whatever, and I've mixed a lot of live shows, so a lot of that is

 

 


Speaker:

just having the image in your mind being

 

 


Speaker:

in the room while they're playing together. If they are

 

 


Speaker:

all in the same room and

 

 


Speaker:

if they're interacting well,

 

 


Speaker:

like, really listening to what's going on in the room and listening to their

 

 


Speaker:

sounds and just trying to bring that all

 

 


Speaker:

together without, like, really messing with stuff, you know,

 

 


Speaker:

besides, like, maybe getting rid of problems. Yeah, right. But keeping it

 

 


Speaker:

pretty simple. Yeah. Would you say that maybe

 

 


Speaker:

a mistake that a lot of people make is trying

 

 


Speaker:

to validate their presence by doing something instead of just

 

 


Speaker:

capturing that happens, you know, like, oh, this. Look at this compressor. I've never

 

 


Speaker:

used this. I'm going to use it. Yeah, totally. And, I mean, sometimes

 

 


Speaker:

that can be cool. Yeah. You know, it's like. I mean, there really

 

 


Speaker:

is no rule, like, some

 

 


Speaker:

records that I've worked on, like, they shouldn't sound like a

 

 


Speaker:

photorealistic version of the band. Like, the band wants it to have,

 

 


Speaker:

like, more crunch or power or whatever, and sound

 

 


Speaker:

more like a punk rock record with horns or something, you know?

 

 


Speaker:

But usually they'll say, that, but,

 

 


Speaker:

yeah, on sessions like that, where I'm trying to keep it, like,

 

 


Speaker:

with how the band sounds and how I've heard them sound. Yeah, I'm,

 

 


Speaker:

like, less likely to plug in an h 3000

 

 


Speaker:

and get the

 

 


Speaker:

chorus echo going. I mean, sometimes I will, because sometimes drummers like, playing with

 

 


Speaker:

it, but, yeah, I'm not trying to change their

 

 


Speaker:

sound unless they ask for something like that, in which case

 

 


Speaker:

I usually will give them something to play with as they're playing.

 

 


Speaker:

But, I mean, I usually save

 

 


Speaker:

sessions for trying stuff out. Sometimes I'll just

 

 


Speaker:

molt a channel and record it

 

 


Speaker:

flat and then record it with, like, ooh, what's this? Do? You know?

 

 


Speaker:

And get really saucy, which I think. Is the

 

 


Speaker:

advantage of trying to work in a studio where you have a console or

 

 


Speaker:

you have the ability to do that because you could also get creative. Like you

 

 


Speaker:

said, you could do a kick snare overhead

 

 


Speaker:

thing through the tape echo and print that to a track. And

 

 


Speaker:

it exists. You know, they don't need to use it, they don't need to hear

 

 


Speaker:

it. But, uh, it's. It's an option for creativity

 

 


Speaker:

later. I wanted to ask you, because you mentioned

 

 


Speaker:

you do a lot of experimental jazz instrumental stuff,

 

 


Speaker:

and I would imagine that those sessions not breaking the

 

 


Speaker:

flow is super important because once those people get into their

 

 


Speaker:

headspace that, that they want to be in, they don't want to

 

 


Speaker:

stop, they don't want to have a technical problem. What are some of

 

 


Speaker:

your preparation tips

 

 


Speaker:

to not break the creative flow once, once things are

 

 


Speaker:

happening? Yeah, that's very important. I have some. Some

 

 


Speaker:

artists I work with. If it's in the studio, they just want me to hit

 

 


Speaker:

record and not stop.

 

 


Speaker:

Like, keep it going no matter what. Especially if it's like an all improvised

 

 


Speaker:

session. Sometimes they'll talk for 1020 minutes between a

 

 


Speaker:

take, and I'm just ready to go, like. And

 

 


Speaker:

sometimes I, you know, if I'm like, okay, these guys are gonna talk forever, I

 

 


Speaker:

will pause for a second. But I also, like, I always, I

 

 


Speaker:

mostly record in pro tools, and

 

 


Speaker:

I almost always will set up the playback so it'll take off

 

 


Speaker:

from wherever the playhead stopped. That was a huge thing. Cause,

 

 


Speaker:

like, even if pro tools crashes, at least it'll start right at the end point

 

 


Speaker:

that it crashed and I can just hit record again. Yeah. Cause that will

 

 


Speaker:

happen seemingly once every session where pro

 

 


Speaker:

tools would be, like, in the middle of a take,

 

 


Speaker:

mostly not on my laptop. Strangely, like, it hasn't happened to

 

 


Speaker:

me on a live recording for four years knocking on

 

 


Speaker:

wood there, but that's a big

 

 


Speaker:

thing. And then you have to get the sound that you're gonna go

 

 


Speaker:

with before they start tracking. Yeah, that's a huge

 

 


Speaker:

thing. So, prep wise, you want to know for me, if I'm working in

 

 


Speaker:

a room that I've worked in before, I was like, I pretty much know where

 

 


Speaker:

everybody's going to go. I want to get there 2 hours before they walk in

 

 


Speaker:

the door. And even if I don't know exactly what mics I'm going to use,

 

 


Speaker:

I'm going to have stuff up on stands, lines are going to be run,

 

 


Speaker:

and this is all me. I usually don't have help, but that way they can

 

 


Speaker:

get in there and get their instruments tuned and I'm changing

 

 


Speaker:

things while they're setting up instead of all of us setting

 

 


Speaker:

up at the same time and being like, oh, sorry, guys. You know,

 

 


Speaker:

like, like, I just noticed the snare mic is going,

 

 


Speaker:

but you just let it roll, you know, and like, I

 

 


Speaker:

try not to on many of those sessions. Sometimes I'll be like,

 

 


Speaker:

no, this is like that. Or give them. I will

 

 


Speaker:

only really speak up if there's something that is like, holding them

 

 


Speaker:

back or they have a question. It's like, well, what about if we do this?

 

 


Speaker:

Or like, was that cool? And maybe I'll pipe. Pipe in, but I usually just

 

 


Speaker:

let them go. Yeah. Like, those are some of my favorite sessions because it's really

 

 


Speaker:

all about the first two, 3 hours of me being there. And after that,

 

 


Speaker:

it's all about them. Like, getting the lighting right, you know, if you can.

 

 


Speaker:

Yeah, yeah. Like having snacks around

 

 


Speaker:

all of those things. Like a huge, huge proponent of keeping your blood sugar

 

 


Speaker:

at a decent level. Huge proponent of that. Not too high. Not too

 

 


Speaker:

low. Yes. Too many people get, like the

 

 


Speaker:

get hangry or start to lose their mind when they haven't

 

 


Speaker:

had enough food. But, you know, it's pretty simple. I usually

 

 


Speaker:

know all the musicians for the most part, too. So it's like, we hang a

 

 


Speaker:

little bit, there's lots of breaks, but a lot of those records get made,

 

 


Speaker:

the vast majority in like six, 7 hours. Yeah,

 

 


Speaker:

that's cool. They just come in and lay it down. I make roughs of

 

 


Speaker:

everything, and I'm not trying to change things from song to song,

 

 


Speaker:

you know, I'm not like, okay, here comes a slap on the delay. You know,

 

 


Speaker:

like, it's just keeping it really

 

 


Speaker:

simple and then also making sure you're set up in a

 

 


Speaker:

way to where pro tools is less prone to crash

 

 


Speaker:

and like, you know, having, like, a hard drive that, you know, is

 

 


Speaker:

fast and has plenty of room on it and not

 

 


Speaker:

using any plugins while you're tracking too, for that kind of stuff.

 

 


Speaker:

If I'm just like, if I'm literally rolling for six straight hours,

 

 


Speaker:

nothing can mess with it. With it if at all possible. Cause it happens.

 

 


Speaker:

I did a record recently where they did, like, two days,

 

 


Speaker:

and they were basically doing one

 

 


Speaker:

take of each composition that they had.

 

 


Speaker:

There's a lot of material. And in one of the takes, pro tools was like,

 

 


Speaker:

boop. And I started going again. And in

 

 


Speaker:

this case, I was like, I can't interrupt them. Cause, like, they're on fire right

 

 


Speaker:

now. Yeah, like they're killing. And I

 

 


Speaker:

can't believe I just said that. All the jazz people say that way too much

 

 


Speaker:

killing. It's so violent. But at the end

 

 


Speaker:

of that take, I said, guys, I had a little dropout, but

 

 


Speaker:

I noted it, and then as soon as it happened, I

 

 


Speaker:

was listening for, like, how can I work? How can I edit this back

 

 


Speaker:

together in a way that makes sense? We lost about, like,

 

 


Speaker:

8 seconds of music,

 

 


Speaker:

and then the artist was like, hey, thanks for telling me. I'm glad you let

 

 


Speaker:

us keep going. You know, you gotta be ready for somebody

 

 


Speaker:

to be mad at you, too, even if it's not your fault. Yeah, you know,

 

 


Speaker:

but you gotta admit it, totally. It's like, hey, guys, this happened. I'm

 

 


Speaker:

really sorry. Do you want to redo the tune? Do you want me to try

 

 


Speaker:

to figure out an edit? And the artist was like, very clear. He's like, oh,

 

 


Speaker:

he's like, that's disappointing, but let's work on it right now. Just try to keep

 

 


Speaker:

them in the flow, even though everybody else had to take a break for, like,

 

 


Speaker:

ten minutes while I did a crazy edit. But, yeah,

 

 


Speaker:

just keep things really simple for them and stay out of the way.

 

 


Speaker:

Yeah. Do you find that you record. Do you ever

 

 


Speaker:

record, like, just empty tracks in case you need to add something

 

 


Speaker:

midway? You know, they just have. Cause, you know, once pro tools is rolling, you

 

 


Speaker:

can't add a track. So do you ever find yourself going that far in

 

 


Speaker:

prep? That is one of the most frustrating things about

 

 


Speaker:

daws is like, I wish I could record arm a track while we're

 

 


Speaker:

rolling. Yeah. Like on a tape machine. Yeah, that would be amazing. Cause

 

 


Speaker:

I usually do have open tracks. I usually will have,

 

 


Speaker:

like, one or maybe two

 

 


Speaker:

in case I need to quick patch something in the middle of a take. Yeah,

 

 


Speaker:

yeah. And then I just. If I. If I didn't use it. I just delete

 

 


Speaker:

that audio file after the take. Yeah. You know, if it's just

 

 


Speaker:

blank. So. Yeah, stuff like that. Backups. When I do live

 

 


Speaker:

stuff, I have to have a redundant recorder

 

 


Speaker:

multitrack or stereo multitrack. I used to do just

 

 


Speaker:

stereo, but there was a problem with, like, I used to use a zoom h

 

 


Speaker:

six just for the stereo. But for some reason it would

 

 


Speaker:

always stretch the time somehow. I think the clocks in those things are all

 

 


Speaker:

messed up, but, like, it would never line up. Like it would stretch

 

 


Speaker:

as like the recording went on. Oh, weird. Even if same

 

 


Speaker:

bit in sample rate. But then I got this. I

 

 


Speaker:

started using this little guy, this sound devices mixpre

 

 


Speaker:

as like my backup because I can get ten channels going on

 

 


Speaker:

that. And for like a lot of the, like live orchestral stuff

 

 


Speaker:

I'm doing, I'm not going over eight channels.

 

 


Speaker:

So one of my interfaces has analog outs.

 

 


Speaker:

And so I've at least got like those two recorders going. Okay. And it's

 

 


Speaker:

going digitally into that thing. But that's another big thing is having a

 

 


Speaker:

backup. And sometimes in sessions I will run.

 

 


Speaker:

I saw this on. Maybe it was that Lady Gaga documentary from a few years

 

 


Speaker:

ago. Okay. That Mark Ronson always had a little

 

 


Speaker:

zoom recorder, like a dictation one

 

 


Speaker:

first of all in the room for, like, ideas. I think it was

 

 


Speaker:

constantly rolling. And then they also had something just recording

 

 


Speaker:

a two track of all the sound coming through everything

 

 


Speaker:

all at once. Yeah. It was like a separate stereo mix that was just a

 

 


Speaker:

backup of just like, oh, pro tool stop. But we still have the audio from

 

 


Speaker:

this, so we can get something from it. So I used to do that a

 

 


Speaker:

lot. Yeah. And I probably should get back into it a little bit.

 

 


Speaker:

But I. Especially in those. Those highly creative sessions that it was a

 

 


Speaker:

couple, couple months ago, I had Dana Nielsen on, and you and I were

 

 


Speaker:

talking about him. Cause you're drinking out of your ember. Because we were talking about

 

 


Speaker:

the ember a lot. But everything he's ever done with Rick Rubin, there's always a

 

 


Speaker:

second stereo rig with all the talkbacks piping in there. So it's like if

 

 


Speaker:

somebody says something plus the mix off the board, like it's all getting

 

 


Speaker:

captured somewhere. Like, worst case you can find it. You

 

 


Speaker:

know, it's a lot to archive, but for stuff like that

 

 


Speaker:

and how much money is being spent at those sessions

 

 


Speaker:

and time. And it's hard to get a lot of those people

 

 


Speaker:

together all at the same time. Yeah. And just to remember the creative process,

 

 


Speaker:

the example that he used is he was in a session, and the singer had

 

 


Speaker:

an idea between takes, and the guitar player was

 

 


Speaker:

playing. And then when they went to do it, the idea wasn't the same. It

 

 


Speaker:

just didn't feel the same. So they went back and they listened to it,

 

 


Speaker:

and the guitar player was reharming under it. He wasn't playing the

 

 


Speaker:

same thing. And all of a sudden, it was like, oh, shit. That's what it

 

 


Speaker:

was. The guitar player was playing something different. So it's crazy, man. The things

 

 


Speaker:

you encounter in the studio. It'S hard to pay attention to everything

 

 


Speaker:

all at once. It is kind of our job, but it's

 

 


Speaker:

hard to do it with our brains. So I wanted to ask you

 

 


Speaker:

the question that every up and coming engineer

 

 


Speaker:

wants to ask anybody that works. Is there anything

 

 


Speaker:

you do that you think keeps you busy? Is

 

 


Speaker:

there anything you can tell somebody that just, like, doesn't understand why they're not working

 

 


Speaker:

as much as they want to work? I mean, I've been doing this now. I

 

 


Speaker:

got a late start. To be honest, I didn't really start doing this till I

 

 


Speaker:

was almost 30. You know, like, I messed around a little bit, but

 

 


Speaker:

I never tried to, like, really get in it. In it until around

 

 


Speaker:

then. Yeah. And for me, I

 

 


Speaker:

already knew hundreds and hundreds and hundreds of musicians and had, like, done a lot

 

 


Speaker:

of touring, so I might have, like, a kind of a different viewpoint. And I

 

 


Speaker:

also live in a. One of the, like, Chicago's an incredible

 

 


Speaker:

city for music and a wide variety. There's so much happening here that

 

 


Speaker:

nobody ever talks about. It feels like the people that know

 

 


Speaker:

me and tend to call me know that

 

 


Speaker:

I'm very, very, very into quality

 

 


Speaker:

and, like, into doing a good job and, like, as few compromises

 

 


Speaker:

as possible. And hopefully that's my reputation

 

 


Speaker:

amongst other people. And then I think I've

 

 


Speaker:

been doing it long enough to where,

 

 


Speaker:

you know, it's pretty much word of mouth for me, so it just takes

 

 


Speaker:

time. Like, I'm a nice guy. I'm not, like, a mean.

 

 


Speaker:

A mean person. That's a huge thing. That is true. It is true. A lot

 

 


Speaker:

of people are just like. Like, I got this idea for your band, and, like,

 

 


Speaker:

it's gonna rule. And it's like, okay, that could be great. But

 

 


Speaker:

I. It's a lot of it is just, like, how you deal with people

 

 


Speaker:

and your skills. Obviously, if you're. If you're messing stuff

 

 


Speaker:

up all the time and making things hard for people, like, showing up

 

 


Speaker:

late, having bad communication

 

 


Speaker:

about money and about time and about

 

 


Speaker:

expectations and not having conversations that need to

 

 


Speaker:

be had initially, talking about all the details

 

 


Speaker:

and all the heavy stuff. I think that's the way

 

 


Speaker:

a lot of people get burned that way, but they don't have the conversations of,

 

 


Speaker:

like, this is how much this is going to cost. I need you to pay

 

 


Speaker:

me at this time of the process, stuff like

 

 


Speaker:

that. But even if you're not there yet,

 

 


Speaker:

I think at this point I know so many people that somebody's

 

 


Speaker:

probably going to give me a call. Yeah. And if you just move somewhere,

 

 


Speaker:

that's going to take some time. So, I mean, that's what I would really recommend

 

 


Speaker:

is just get to know as many people without expecting

 

 


Speaker:

them to hire you. Yeah, that's true. That's true.

 

 


Speaker:

Having no or very low expectations for

 

 


Speaker:

others like, to want to work with

 

 


Speaker:

you, not just assuming that. Why aren't they working with

 

 


Speaker:

me? That's unhealthy and it will, like, lead you to

 

 


Speaker:

disappointment. And then when people do ask you to help them,

 

 


Speaker:

that's, you know, that's like a major plus and super awesome.

 

 


Speaker:

Yeah. And just do as many things as you can. I still do live sound.

 

 


Speaker:

Yeah. You know, I do some podcast editing for, like, for one

 

 


Speaker:

organization that, like, really, it keeps me from having

 

 


Speaker:

to do stuff I don't want to do and.

 

 


Speaker:

And allows me to charge what I charge. There's

 

 


Speaker:

no shame in that. And if you really. I mean, this is

 

 


Speaker:

maybe the worst time to, like, try to become a professional

 

 


Speaker:

audio engineer in, in the 130 years of

 

 


Speaker:

recorded music. Right. Might be true. We don't have to go into that,

 

 


Speaker:

but it's a deep theory I have. But just work hard, be a

 

 


Speaker:

nice person, and just try to do your

 

 


Speaker:

best work. Yeah, I don't know. I

 

 


Speaker:

resonate with all that. And I'm not going to let you not talk about your

 

 


Speaker:

deep theory, by the way. We're going to come back to that. I do think

 

 


Speaker:

that word of mouth is the best, but also

 

 


Speaker:

the hardest way, because when you get jobs through word of mouth,

 

 


Speaker:

they're basically done deals. You know, somebody's like, nick

 

 


Speaker:

is amazing. You need to call Nick for your next record.

 

 


Speaker:

90%, that gig's yours. Right. But you need to do enough

 

 


Speaker:

gigs and meet enough people for that to happen. And you

 

 


Speaker:

have to do great work for hundreds of people because let's be honest,

 

 


Speaker:

like, as much as we think every gig we do, that person's going to recommend

 

 


Speaker:

us. I mean, I would say 5% of the people I work

 

 


Speaker:

with will recommend you to somebody else like it. The

 

 


Speaker:

world does function as a very, like, top of mind, you know, it's like, if

 

 


Speaker:

you're not top of mind at somebody, with somebody, when they're having

 

 


Speaker:

coffee with their friend, they are not gonna spit your name out. You know?

 

 


Speaker:

I also go out to a lot of shows. Yeah, you gotta be around.

 

 


Speaker:

I needed to be better at that. Being around. Like, I like to sit in

 

 


Speaker:

my backyard. It's hard. I mean, I'm 46.

 

 


Speaker:

I don't wanna be out five nights a week. I mean, there's so much cool

 

 


Speaker:

stuff I do wanna see, and much of my social life is

 

 


Speaker:

around music, and it's a major part of it, but it can be

 

 


Speaker:

exhausting. But if you're in your twenties, yeah, go out. Be out there.

 

 


Speaker:

Like, don't go broke going out,

 

 


Speaker:

but get out there and meet people and have fun while you

 

 


Speaker:

can. It's like, I mean, I'm single. I have very few

 

 


Speaker:

responsibilities to other people, so I'm in a pretty particular position.

 

 


Speaker:

But, yeah, you gotta get out there and meet those people. Make music friends.

 

 


Speaker:

You know, it's not like you said, it's not about getting work from every person

 

 


Speaker:

you meet. It might just be that you're friends with this bass player,

 

 


Speaker:

they're friends with that drummer, and then that drummer tells a singer songwriter that you

 

 


Speaker:

should work with them. It's like, it's not gonna happen the way you think it's

 

 


Speaker:

gonna happen. So, yeah, you can't force it. And you can't, like I said again,

 

 


Speaker:

like, expectations are like the quickest road to disappointment.

 

 


Speaker:

And, you know, if you. And there's no shame in

 

 


Speaker:

doing other work if, you know, on your way,

 

 


Speaker:

like, you don't have to be 100%. I only

 

 


Speaker:

do music engineering and stuff like that. This is pretty rare. Yeah,

 

 


Speaker:

these days it's hard. It's hard if you don't have, like, external money

 

 


Speaker:

coming at you. So. Okay, so now you've got to give us your dark

 

 


Speaker:

theories about whatever it is, the end of the audio industry, or why it's a

 

 


Speaker:

bad time to become a recording engineer. I gotta hear it. I'm curious. Okay, well,

 

 


Speaker:

the main thing, I think, and this all comes from

 

 


Speaker:

a few, actually, a couple of business books I read a few years

 

 


Speaker:

ago, if we think back to the

 

 


Speaker:

seventies or even the eighties.

 

 


Speaker:

So there was a barrier to entry,

 

 


Speaker:

right. You had to have a recorder, which back in the

 

 


Speaker:

seventies would have been a tape machine. How are you going to get sounded? Recorder?

 

 


Speaker:

You had to have a mixer. You had to have all this infrastructure to make

 

 


Speaker:

a record, right. And then getting,

 

 


Speaker:

like, self pressing your records was like something that was very rare.

 

 


Speaker:

And the record labels were pretty picky,

 

 


Speaker:

you know, about what they were putting out. Right. And, like, in general,

 

 


Speaker:

what they put out would at least sell a little bit of actual

 

 


Speaker:

material. All right, so, like, now the main problem

 

 


Speaker:

is the artists aren't making any money. Yeah, the vast majority,

 

 


Speaker:

but there's, you know,

 

 


Speaker:

500 times the amount of recordings coming out now, which

 

 


Speaker:

we won't even say anything about that. That's not neither good or bad in my

 

 


Speaker:

estimation, really, but. So the artists aren't getting paid.

 

 


Speaker:

And to my mind, there's

 

 


Speaker:

no barrier to entry to be able to do this anymore. I mean, I just

 

 


Speaker:

made a cool recording on my phone three days ago

 

 


Speaker:

using logic for the iPhone, you know, like, or garage man,

 

 


Speaker:

whatever. Yeah, you can do all kinds of cool stuff, and so there's no barriers

 

 


Speaker:

to entry anymore. So everybody can do it. The problem

 

 


Speaker:

is, because everybody can do it, a lot of

 

 


Speaker:

people will do it for nothing or for very, very,

 

 


Speaker:

very cheap, you know, and this happens to everybody

 

 


Speaker:

that does this. But there are people who, like, they see it as, and

 

 


Speaker:

this isn't a bad thing. They see recording people

 

 


Speaker:

at a very low price as something is like

 

 


Speaker:

a service of theirs that they're giving to the music. They're like, I love this.

 

 


Speaker:

You guys, like, don't make a lot of money doing what you're doing. I love

 

 


Speaker:

to record, you guys. I'll do it for this insanely low price, which

 

 


Speaker:

is great as an idea, but then everything else goes down.

 

 


Speaker:

So everybody's expectations go down. The musicians aren't getting paid

 

 


Speaker:

and everybody's flooded. And there's terrible

 

 


Speaker:

advice. There's lots of audio work,

 

 


Speaker:

I guess I would say there's tons of audio work, but in

 

 


Speaker:

terms of strictly being a music engineer, be it

 

 


Speaker:

recording or mixing a, the tools are great

 

 


Speaker:

and wonderful, but in terms of making a long living

 

 


Speaker:

just doing that, it's really, really hard,

 

 


Speaker:

and it has been in the past, but it's hard

 

 


Speaker:

to make it through a sea of all of the thousands and

 

 


Speaker:

thousands and thousands of engineers that are being, coming out of

 

 


Speaker:

schools, you know, with now

 

 


Speaker:

pretty decent. Training and using the same tools that other people are

 

 


Speaker:

using. Oh, exactly. Like you said, the barrier to entry for tools is

 

 


Speaker:

non existent at this point. Yeah, I mean, people complain about pro tools being

 

 


Speaker:

what, six, $700 for a perpetual license, but that's not

 

 


Speaker:

that much. Yeah, yeah. If you're using it every day and you're working every

 

 


Speaker:

day. Yeah, I agree with

 

 


Speaker:

you. It is. I think about, like.

 

 


Speaker:

I don't know. I have a couple thoughts. One, I think

 

 


Speaker:

about this episode I did that

 

 


Speaker:

mastering is dead. I don't know if you saw that. Oh, yeah, yeah. Okay,

 

 


Speaker:

so the point of that video, and if you're watching this interview and you

 

 


Speaker:

didn't make it to the end of mastering is dead, by the way, I can

 

 


Speaker:

tell by your comments, it's about the value that a human brings

 

 


Speaker:

to the process. And, you know, it's Mike brawl and for dropping that in the

 

 


Speaker:

last 20 seconds of an eight minute video. But I think

 

 


Speaker:

that the more technology makes this

 

 


Speaker:

job attainable to anybody, I think that's

 

 


Speaker:

a awesome. Right, because you're inspiring more people to be creative.

 

 


Speaker:

But, yeah, it's watering down and making it more difficult

 

 


Speaker:

for people to make the living that they were making ten years ago

 

 


Speaker:

and going to make it even harder ten years moving forward.

 

 


Speaker:

But I think that's why people really need to hone in on the value that

 

 


Speaker:

they bring. You're busy because of the things that you bring

 

 


Speaker:

outside of pressing record, the preparation that you do, the

 

 


Speaker:

way you interact with bands, the way you respect

 

 


Speaker:

that when they're in the creative zone, they need to stay there. And you'll do

 

 


Speaker:

everything you can to make sure that that's the way it is. That's why you're

 

 


Speaker:

gonna get hired. Not because you know how to mic a

 

 


Speaker:

saxophone. Although ten years from now, you might be one of the last people that

 

 


Speaker:

knows how to mic a saxophone. Oh, this old thing?

 

 


Speaker:

Who knows how to play this? But. So there's that thought. But then I

 

 


Speaker:

also. I think that the audio

 

 


Speaker:

industry is preying on this. I mean, look at, like,

 

 


Speaker:

the Behringer, $300.33, 60 nine. I mean, whatever. I

 

 


Speaker:

haven't heard it. I'm not going to judge it. I guarantee you it's built like

 

 


Speaker:

a piece of shit. Maybe it sounds great. It's only going to work for a

 

 


Speaker:

year. Like, at this point, whenever I buy something on Amazon, I just assume it's

 

 


Speaker:

going to break in six months. But people know that. Let's take the

 

 


Speaker:

things. The computer is, like,

 

 


Speaker:

democratized everything, right? So what's left is the gear. Okay, so how

 

 


Speaker:

do we. And no shade to these companies, but, like, how do we make the

 

 


Speaker:

Neve 1073 cheaper? Well, Behringer just did one. Warm audio has

 

 


Speaker:

been doing one for a long time. Well, let's take the things that. The last

 

 


Speaker:

things that these people can't afford and let's put it in their price

 

 


Speaker:

range. And like I said, I haven't used a lot of this stuff, so I'm

 

 


Speaker:

not directly knocking it, but I see the industry prey on the

 

 


Speaker:

fact that everything is getting cheaper,

 

 


Speaker:

and it's. And it bugs me a little bit. When you look around at it,

 

 


Speaker:

you're like, I don't know. We're fueling the fire, I guess. You know what I

 

 


Speaker:

mean? Yeah. And again, I'm like. I'm not, like, totally dark on it.

 

 


Speaker:

I'm just saying it's hard. It's hard. It's hard. Like, I love

 

 


Speaker:

what I do, and I love what other people do. I love. You know, I

 

 


Speaker:

have a lot of friends that are engineers, and we hang out and, like,

 

 


Speaker:

it's great, you know? And I love nerding out with other people. And

 

 


Speaker:

it's not really about that. It's just really hard for people to make a living.

 

 


Speaker:

And that's why I think, like, keeping your expectations. I mean, you can go for

 

 


Speaker:

it if you want to go for it. Go for it. Yeah, but you gotta

 

 


Speaker:

keep that in mind. It's like. So I was doing some tape dumps

 

 


Speaker:

for numero group one time, and I got this one inch 16

 

 


Speaker:

track from Minneapolis, and it

 

 


Speaker:

actually had a brochure for the studio. It was recorded in, in,

 

 


Speaker:

like, 78, like, the year after I was

 

 


Speaker:

born. And I was like, oh, my God. Like, look at this. Oh, they have

 

 


Speaker:

a neo. At the time, I had a neotec. They're like, oh, they have a

 

 


Speaker:

neotec. They got this tape machine. They had pretty much the same setup I

 

 


Speaker:

did at my studio at the time, back when I had, like, a full on

 

 


Speaker:

studio, and I was like, this is incredible. I was like, looked at the

 

 


Speaker:

rates. 1978, $350 a day.

 

 


Speaker:

Okay. That's what I was charging in

 

 


Speaker:

2015 or no, 2018.

 

 


Speaker:

Except that $350 in 1978 is

 

 


Speaker:

$1,200 today. Wow. And, like,

 

 


Speaker:

and I showed this to one of the artists I was working with. He's like,

 

 


Speaker:

oh, man. I was like, yeah, that's, like,

 

 


Speaker:

true for all of us. It's like, you know, live sound still pays $150

 

 


Speaker:

or whatever. Like, yeah, it's a.

 

 


Speaker:

You know, it's. It's super. It's super challenging.

 

 


Speaker:

Yeah, we could go on. We could go on forever, and. But the main thing

 

 


Speaker:

is that artists need to get paid. Exactly. You know, like,

 

 


Speaker:

what they do do, you know, like, if at all possible.

 

 


Speaker:

The artists need to get paid. That that's what it comes down. Like, Spotify is

 

 


Speaker:

really on everybody's shit list right now, but that's who pays. Us, is the artist.

 

 


Speaker:

Yeah, exactly. Eventually, they won't. People won't want

 

 


Speaker:

to pay for engineering, and they won't want to pay for mastering because they're not

 

 


Speaker:

making enough money. And they're pretty good at it. They're pretty good at recording and

 

 


Speaker:

mixing their own record because they have great tools and great access to knowledge.

 

 


Speaker:

So why. Right. And that's where it comes back to that x factor of,

 

 


Speaker:

like, personality and value outside of technical skills.

 

 


Speaker:

Anyway, I could rant on that for a while. Let's let the

 

 


Speaker:

sun back up into this.

 

 


Speaker:

Luckily, we're deep in the show, so anybody that's, like, this far, they're down, they're

 

 


Speaker:

with us. This isn't at the beginning. They're like, man, these guys are crazy.

 

 


Speaker:

They're in their little basement bunkers like me. Like, yeah, that's right, guys. That's right.

 

 


Speaker:

Okay, so you've listened to the show. You know, I've got two questions that I

 

 


Speaker:

close everything out with, so I'll hit you with the first one. Was there ever

 

 


Speaker:

a time in your career that you chose to redefine what success meant to you?

 

 


Speaker:

Yeah, I think that I hadn't thought about that

 

 


Speaker:

for a while, but when I looked back, especially, like, you

 

 


Speaker:

know, the last 15 years, when I was doing this,

 

 


Speaker:

when I started doing this, success was just in the

 

 


Speaker:

beginning getting somebody to pay me to do it. Yeah, you

 

 


Speaker:

know, that was one thing, but now,

 

 


Speaker:

you know, and, you know, there was a period in my life where I was

 

 


Speaker:

just like, oh, I want to do these big records and do all this.

 

 


Speaker:

And I was like, I don't really work in that world. I don't know those

 

 


Speaker:

people. But now I feel like

 

 


Speaker:

I think about that kind of every week

 

 


Speaker:

about what success is for me. And I think for. I like

 

 


Speaker:

to. There are large successes that you can have

 

 


Speaker:

where it's like a record comes out that you worked on and it gets

 

 


Speaker:

amazing reviews, and the artist starts

 

 


Speaker:

touring more than they ever have, which I

 

 


Speaker:

kind of see is success, that we made

 

 


Speaker:

that happen, and it's not just all about me. Right. But really,

 

 


Speaker:

like, I'm deep in a bunch of mixing right now. And,

 

 


Speaker:

like, day to day success is even in the studio, I

 

 


Speaker:

guess, is getting that feeling, you know, when somebody's, like, singing

 

 


Speaker:

and the take is just this beautiful thing and you get the thing

 

 


Speaker:

here in the back of the neck and, like, around the edge of

 

 


Speaker:

tears. Yeah. Like, if I can get that out of

 

 


Speaker:

somebody and then get that recorded

 

 


Speaker:

and then feel it again while I'm mixing

 

 


Speaker:

and then have someone else feel that when it comes out of the

 

 


Speaker:

speakers. Like, that's success to me. You know,

 

 


Speaker:

like, if somebody's feeling something from listening to the music and not to

 

 


Speaker:

be like, oh, this is really nice. Oh, what did he play over this chord?

 

 


Speaker:

You know, like, that doesn't matter to me at all

 

 


Speaker:

or not at all, but you know what I'm saying?

 

 


Speaker:

I look at it as smaller little things, as a

 

 


Speaker:

chain of, how can we just keep building up these little

 

 


Speaker:

successes? That seems like a good life to me.

 

 


Speaker:

Yeah, I agree. I agree. And really, it's like the idea of

 

 


Speaker:

having impact in the streaming world. So

 

 


Speaker:

many people listen passively, you know, like, having 10 million streams doesn't

 

 


Speaker:

mean that like, 10 million people cried to that. Yeah. You know what I

 

 


Speaker:

mean? Not that everything has to. You know, not that everybody has to cry to

 

 


Speaker:

everything, but you know what I mean? Yeah. You get that feeling. It's like,

 

 


Speaker:

oh, man. Like, that really hit me. Like, yeah, like this. There's a

 

 


Speaker:

Lucy, Lucy Dacus song that she put out a

 

 


Speaker:

couple years ago, and I can't listen to it around people because I will

 

 


Speaker:

just break down. I'm like, man, how did you. It's like, you wrote such

 

 


Speaker:

an amazing song. Gets you every time. Yeah, every time.

 

 


Speaker:

Like, thinking about it right now, I'm gonna have to get a. Grab a tissue.

 

 


Speaker:

In a second. We'll edit around the tears. No, no,

 

 


Speaker:

it'll be like the view or something. I don't know, Barbara Walters

 

 


Speaker:

style. I love that

 

 


Speaker:

definition, that goal. I mean. Cause it's really, I think the

 

 


Speaker:

core of why so many people get into this is to, you know,

 

 


Speaker:

pass that feeling along that you had when you were, like, listening to music on

 

 


Speaker:

your Walkman or whatever when you were a kid. Like, you just want, like, one

 

 


Speaker:

other kid to have that thing to something that you helped put in the world.

 

 


Speaker:

Like, somebody to be like. Yeah. You know, like,

 

 


Speaker:

exactly. I don't know.

 

 


Speaker:

Is somebody to be excited about it, because I think, yeah, that's the whole thing.

 

 


Speaker:

Exciting. A bunch of air, man, if it comes through the air and makes somebody

 

 


Speaker:

excited inside, that's amazing, you know? So that's kind of like my, those are my

 

 


Speaker:

success goals. My small day to days. I love it. I love it.

 

 


Speaker:

And so, basically, you know, carry on to that question is, what is your current

 

 


Speaker:

biggest goal, other than to make people cry? And what is the next smallest step

 

 


Speaker:

you're going to take to go towards. It on today's cry list. Who are we

 

 


Speaker:

going to make cry today? So this just got a little

 

 


Speaker:

flipped on its head because I mentioned before we started

 

 


Speaker:

recording that I'm going to have to move soon. I've been here for 14 years,

 

 


Speaker:

living here for 14 years. And during the pandemic, I really got

 

 


Speaker:

this decked out and set up. Even though it looks a little

 

 


Speaker:

crazy, it's super functional for me.

 

 


Speaker:

So right now, my next biggest goal is to

 

 


Speaker:

find a way to work a place in a way to work

 

 


Speaker:

where I'm not paying separate rent and that'll come

 

 


Speaker:

down the road. I'm not super, super worried about it. But prior to

 

 


Speaker:

that, to basically, like, this emergency thinking, my

 

 


Speaker:

biggest goal, I think,

 

 


Speaker:

was to kind of, like, travel around and work with, do record

 

 


Speaker:

people in different locations from different cities and stuff like that. I work

 

 


Speaker:

with a lot of mostly Chicago artists, but I also have friends all over the

 

 


Speaker:

country, and every once in a while, I get to go do stuff in

 

 


Speaker:

their towns. And I kind of want to do that a lot more because I

 

 


Speaker:

love seeing my friends and I

 

 


Speaker:

like going to different places and different studios and meeting new

 

 


Speaker:

people. So once I figure out this whole nebulous

 

 


Speaker:

where my stuff is going to go, that's something I've

 

 


Speaker:

really been trying to work on the last couple of years, is just like, oh,

 

 


Speaker:

I'm on a road trip. Oh, there's a studio here. I want to go check

 

 


Speaker:

it out. Just meet people from all over the country

 

 


Speaker:

and if possible, try to record in those places. That's where you were, just

 

 


Speaker:

out here in LA doing that, and we got together. Yeah. So that's great. I

 

 


Speaker:

love it. Yeah. Nick, please tell people where

 

 


Speaker:

they can find you on the Internet or whatever you want to share. Oh, yeah.

 

 


Speaker:

So I have a website. It's

 

 


Speaker:

www.nickbrosty.com. and the

 

 


Speaker:

last name is? It is Brosty. It's like frosty

 

 


Speaker:

is what? But with a b. But b r o s t e is the

 

 


Speaker:

last name. Most people say broast. So that's my website.

 

 


Speaker:

And then you can find me on Instagram. I do have a Facebook

 

 


Speaker:

account. Please don't try to friend me on that. I'm trying to keep it

 

 


Speaker:

mostly to just friends now, but Instagram is the preferred

 

 


Speaker:

zone, and I'm just there.

 

 


Speaker:

Amazing. Awesome. Dude, this is fun. We'll have to do this again. I could

 

 


Speaker:

keep going, but, you know. Yeah, yeah. We've all got. We've all got things we

 

 


Speaker:

got to do. Exactly. Hit me up next time you're out here. Yes, I

 

 


Speaker:

will. Hopefully this summer. One of these days I want to make it back to

 

 


Speaker:

Chicago, so I enjoyed that city when I was there last. So it's a

 

 


Speaker:

good town. And people from LA seem to be moving here, which is starting to

 

 


Speaker:

scare me a little. Keep us out. Well, they usually go

 

 


Speaker:

the other way. Amazing. Awesome, dude. Well, thank you

 

 


Speaker:

so much. Yeah, man, thank you. It's great to talk to you. That's it for

 

 


Speaker:

this week's episode of Progressions. Thank you so much for watching listening.

 

 


Speaker:

Be sure to check out all the links and resources mentioned in the episode down

 

 


Speaker:

below, in the video description or in your podcast show

 

 


Speaker:

notes. If you're listening to this as an audio podcast, please leave a review

 

 


Speaker:

on Apple or Spotify. It helps the show so much. And if you're watching on

 

 


Speaker:

YouTube, feel free to drop any thoughts or questions about the episode down below.

 

 


Speaker:

Let's keep the conversation going for those of you watching, you'll be getting a

 

 


Speaker:

link to another episode you might enjoy popping up somewhere right about now. And

 

 


Speaker:

for those of you listening, check out the YouTube. Hit that subscribe

 

 


Speaker:

button if you haven't already, and I will see you all next time.